The New Nullification Crisis

ICE agents shot and killed a man in Minneapolis.  The man was armed and resisting arrest.  This article reports that his parents urged him not to engage with ICE.  Though I am in favor of the 2nd Amendment and the right to bear arms, it does not seem wise to be armed when you know you are going to be in contact with armed police.  Don't bring a gun to a peaceful protest.  Definitely don't escalate things when you are armed.

Combined with Renee Good's death, the situation in Minnesota is spiraling out of control.  Governor Walz and Mayor Frey are making matters worse with their vocal opposition to ICE.  This is a resurrection of the Nullification Crisis of 1832.  President Andrew Jackson threatened to march an army into South Carolina and his Vice President, John C. Calhoun, resigned over the issue.  Trump has threatened to invoke the Insurrection Act.

Cynical Publius, an insightful commentator on X, argues that the problem is that no one is asking the right question.  Currently, the Democrats are framing the issue by hyping the protests and claiming that the administration is fascist.  The Republicans are, as usual, on defense.  The simple solution is to turn it around would be to ask this question:

Why do you oppose the lawful enforcement of America's long-standing bipartisan immigration laws?

That is what is happening.  Duly passed laws are being enforced.  There is no good answer to this question, so every politician will dodge it, change the subject, or claim it isn't the law.  That reaction is an answer in itself.

Barry (season 1)

Barry Berkman (Bill Hader) is a former US Marine who now works as a hitman for Monroe Fuches (Stephen Root).  Barry is clearly depressed and directionless.  He doesn't like what he does but there is nothing else for him.  Fuches has a new job: go to Los Angeles and kill a man who is screwing the wife of a Chechnyan gangster.  Barry follows the man to an acting class and fumbles into being in a scene with his mark.  Hey, that was kind of fun.  And his mark is a cool guy.  Because Barry dawdled on the hit, the Chechnyans kill the mark and Barry kills some of them.  Barry is now determined to stay in California and pursue acting, but his hitman past won't stay in the past.

This is a particularly dark comedy.  Is it comedy?  The situations that Barry finds himself in are outrageous, which is what makes them funny.  Barry plays it straight while many of the other characters are goofy.  Henry Winkler as Gene Cousineau the acting teacher is particularly good.  Anthony Carrigan is quirky as the number two man among the Chechnyans.  He has a mild delivery of every line, whether it be compliments or threats.  He is an entertaining yes-man with a peculiar look: completely bald and no eyebrows.  Sarah Goldberg plays Barry's love interest, Sally Reed.  She is an aspiring actress and the most talented member of Cousineau's class.  For her, everything is acting and advancing her career.  As such, she and Barry are on-again, off-again through the season.  The central character, Barry, is something of a mush.  He doesn't know what he wants, which seems very strange.  Here is a man who kills people for a living, but he can't say 'no' to some of the dumbest ideas.  His timidity in facing people leads to some truly horrendous outcomes.

Not great, but not bad either.  Good enough that I will start the second season.

Land Purchase is Common

In 1803, President Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory for $15 million from Napoleon.  This purchase included the cities of New Orleans and St. Louis.

In 1819, President James Monroe purchased Florida from Spain.  The Adams-Onis Treaty traded American claims to Texas and $5 million for ownership of East and West Florida.  St. Augustine and Pensacola became American cities though the population was Spanish.

In 1848, President James K Polk sought to purchase California and New Mexico from Mexico.  He offered up to $30 million for the territory.  Any Mexican president who looked like he might negotiate such a deal was deposed.  Santa Anna returned from exile to fight the Americans.  After Mexico decisively lost the war, the US nonetheless paid $15 million for the territory.

In 1854, President Franklin Pierce approved the Gadsden Purchase, which added around 30,000 square miles to Arizona and New Mexico Territories.  This also included the city of Tucson.  Interestingly, Santa Anna was President of Mexico at the time.  At this time, Pierce also offered to buy Cuba, but Spain declined.

In 1867, President Andrew Johnson approved the purchase of Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million.  Viewed as a bad purchase, it was called Seward's Folly.  William Seward was the Secretary of State.  It is noteworthy that Seward also wanted to buy Greenland.

In 1898, President William McKinley purchased the Philippines from Spain for $20 million.  Though the US had defeated the Spanish fleet, it had only captured Manila Harbor.  The payment was to acquire all of the Philippines.

In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt paid $10 million for the Panama Canal Zone.  Of course, he had helped Panama secede from Columbia when Columbia had refused a treaty for the canal zone.

In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt began paying rent for Guantanamo Bay on Cuba.  Though the US had long flirted with acquiring Cuba, when it actually was acquired, the Congress forbade annexation.  The naval base was established to maintain Cuban independence.

In 1917, President Woodrow Wilson bought the American Virgin Islands from Denmark for $25 million.  The US had first sought to purchase them in the 1860s.

In 1944, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt purchased Water Island for $10,000 from Denmark.  It was the last of the Danish Virgin Islands and was less than 1 square mile in size.  At the time of the sale, Denmark was occupied by the Nazis.

During World War II, the US used Greenland as a refueling stop.  In 1946, President Harry Truman offered to buy Greenland, but Denmark declined.  In 1951, the US established Thule Airbase - now Pituffik Space Base - as a missile warning base for the Cold War.

President Trump's offer to buy Greenland is nothing out of the ordinary.  Clearly, the US has purchased a lot of territory with varying degrees of arm-twisting.  Greenland has been on the wish list for more than 150 years.

Maggie Moore(s) (2023)

Maggie Lee Moore (Mary Holland) fled in terror while screaming for help.  She ran down a dead end and her assailant approached.  In the morning, Sheriff Jordan Sanders (Jon Hamm) and Deputy Reddy (Nick Mohammed) examined the corpse.  When her name is mentioned, both look surprised.  Cut to 10 days earlier.

Maggie Moore (Louisa Krause) screamed at her husband, Jay (Micah Stock), so loudly that the neighbor, Rita (Tina Fey) heard some of it.  Maggie kicked Jay out of the house and threatened divorce and exposure to the police.  Jay hired a goon, Mike Kosco (Happy Anderson), to scare his wife straight.  Instead, Kosco killed her.  Now Jay was in the crosshairs of Sheriff Sanders.  However, he learned by happenstance that there was another Maggie Moore in town.  What if she was murdered?  He went back to Kosco to make arrangements.

There is no mystery here, just dark comedy that is not funny.  There are a lot of cringy interactions, where people humiliate themselves in awkward conversations.  The deputy frequently makes inappropriate comments regarding the sheriff's love life.  The budding romance between the sheriff and Rita had all the chemistry of a flat soda.  Jay Moore practically screams "I'm guilty" in every scene, though the sheriff happily goes down the wrong path.  Micah Stock makes Jay amazingly pathetic and unsympathetic.  Fine.  However, he's somehow got money to burn on a hitman and payoffs but can't afford to keep his restaurant stocked with non-moldy food.  Was moldy food meant to be funny?  Why are there customers here when the mold is beyond obvious?  Really, the sandwiches are polka dotted with mold.  The normally smooth and suave Hamm is here a man without moves.  Okay, so he's a widower and out of practice, but women are tossing themselves at him and he's got no game.  Yeah, this was not the role for Dan Draper.  Ditto with Tina Fey.  Her character has lots of undesirable traits, from busybody neighbor to self-loathing.  She says her ex-husband broke her, but she still has sex with him regularly.  Is that dark humor?  Why is the sheriff attracted to this woman?

The movie was inspired by the murder of two women named Maggie Moore in Houston within a week of each other.  Those murders were never solved and may have no relation other than the coincidence of the victims' names.

Skip this one.

Dying before the War

In July 1845, Texas accepted annexation to the United States.  Coincident with this, General Zachary Taylor moved his Corps of Observation from Ft. Jessup - on the Texas-Louisianna border - to Corpus Christi, Texas on the Nueces River.  Though the Mexican government still didn't recognize Texas independence, it argued that the Nueces - not the Rio Grande - was the border for Tejas.  Taylor camped on the south side of the river, a clear statement that the US leaned toward Texas' claim that the Rio Grande was the border.

For the next nine months, the US Army of Occupation loitered in Corpus Christi.  Though there were certainly rumors that a Mexican Army would attack, such did not happen.  Even so, the army suffered a surprising number of casualties.  Of the 3,000 troops encamped, around 67 of them died while the army waited for the war to begin.  Most of them died from illness, a common killer for those in a new climate with unfamiliar hazards.  Quite a few died from chronic diarrhea, a few drown, one accidentally shot himself, and another was shot by a man named Springer.  One unfortunate officer, Lieutenant Henry Merrill, who had only just arrived at St. Joseph Island was killed when a ship's mast fell on him; Merrill had graduated West Point on July 1st and was killed less than 4 months later.  Nearly half of the soldiers that died were from Europe: fourteen Irishmen, seven Germans, three Englishmen, three Scots, a Prussian, a Pole, a Swiss, and a Canadian died a long way from home.  Oddly, the 2nd Dragoon Regiment suffered the most deaths: 18.  The 4th Infantry lost a dozen men and the 3rd lost 11.

Steamship Dayton

Corpus Christi Bay was quite shallow and could not accommodate the supply ships.  Thus, supplies were deposited on St. Joseph Island, one of the line of coastal islands on the Texas coast.  From there, riverboats would ferry the men and equipment across the bay - about 20 miles - to the camp.  One of those riverboats was the Dayton.

On September 12, 1845, the Dayton set out on the latest supply run.  Several officers and men from the army were aboard the ship.  2nd Lt. Ulysses S. Grant, who served as a quartermaster in the 4th Infantry, declined to join them.  Captain George Crossman, who was the Chief Quartermaster, was aboard.  The Dayton was somewhat more than halfway to its destination when the boiler exploded.  Bodies tumbled through the air.  Lt. Benjamin Berry and Lt. Thadeus Higgins - both from the 4th Infantry - were killed instantly.  As the boat sank, the other boiler exploded.  There were 8 dead and 17 injured.  Two of the injured died soon afterwards.  Captain Crossman survived with minor injuries.  Captain West, who commanded the Dayton, had been severely scalded and died shortly after the disaster.

In January 1846, Taylor was ordered to move the army to the Rio Grande.  The march began on March 8th.  Those who were too ill to march were left in Corpus Christi.  By the middle of April, 4 more had died.  Approximately 2% of Taylor's troops died while camped.  This was only a hint of what was to come.  In the Mexican-American War, disease killed vastly more soldiers than muskets, cannons, swords, and bayonets.

Bleeding Minnesota

In the 1850s, Senator Stephen A. Douglas had argued in favor of popular sovereignty, a system where the people of a state would decide whether slavery would be legal or not.  This idea was tested with the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.  Though both states were north of the previously agreed upon 36th parallel, the act allowed them to organize how they chose.  Unsurprisingly (well, it must have been a surprise to Douglas & President Franklin Pierce), abolitionists and pro-slave forces flooded into Kansas.  Murder and mayhem followed: Bleeding Kansas.  John Brown was quite active, gaining his fame or infamy depending on one's point of view.  It is agreed that this was a big step on the way to Civil War.

Today, the question is illegal immigration.  Again, we have a popular sovereignty where some states encourage illegal immigration and protect those immigrants from deportation.  The term Sanctuary City goes back decades.  There are many who are strongly opposed to illegal immigration.  Unlike the case in the 19th Century where slavery was not only legal, but Constitutional, illegal immigration is clearly illegal.  There is no argument in favor on the basis of law.  Sanctuary cities have always been enabling lawlessness, which the federal government has tolerated to varying degrees.

Just as the slavery question grew more and more contentious as the 19th century progressed, the issue of illegal immigration has done the same.  One could argue that Donald Trump won both his elections on that issue alone.  Trump is to illegal immigration what Lincoln was to slavery.  Why is illegal immigration so important to those who support it?  They would claim human decency.  That is no more convincing than when slave owners declared their slaves to be too stupid to take care of themselves.  No, there are several benefits.  First, illegals count in the census, which is why there was such a ruckus when Trump tried to get a question about legal status on the 2020 Census.  If one accepts the long-stated 12 million illegals, that is 16 seats in the House of Representatives, even if illegals don't vote.  If they do vote (and many have), they are going to reliably vote for the pro-illegal immigrant party (i.e., Democrats).  Then there is the money.  As has been exposed with the Somali daycares, a lot of money is supporting illegals in America.  How much of that gets kicked back to political campaigns or activism?

Much as the American South had built a culture on exploiting slaves, the Democratic Party of today has built a system that exploits illegal immigrants.  Like the slave, the immigrant doesn't have recourse to law; he will be deported.  The illegal immigrant is just a variation of the same old Democratic playbook: cheap labor and greater electoral representation.  Just as they resorted to violence to protect and extend slavery in Kansas, they are resorting to violence in Minnesota.  ICE represents that abolitionists.

The Naked Gun (2025)

The story opens with a little girl stumbling into a bank robbery in progress.  When confronted by an armed bank robber, she pulls off her face to reveal Frank Drebin Jr. (Liam Neeson).  He deftly took out the robbers though one escaped.  Oddly, the robbers didn't take money, just the contents of a safety deposit box.  When Frank went to interview the owner of the box, it turned out he had driven off a cliff the previous night.  Interesting.  However, the man's sister, Beth (Pamela Anderson), insisted that her brother had been murdered and she would investigate on her own.  Thus, Frank and Beth crossed paths repeatedly.

Okay, that's more plot than required.  This is nothing but a thin story to support a non-stop series of comedic bits.  Where the original Naked Gun series had silly word play or ludicrous situations, this one goes over the top.  There is the deadpan delivery that was a staple of Leslie Nielsen.  A lot of the gags are beyond silly.  Doesn't feel as clever.  Certainly has its moments but not something I will rewatch.

Meh.