Mixed Blessing: Texas Rangers in the Mexican War

As part of his Masters in Military Science degree, Major Ian Lyles discussed the Texas Rangers as part of Compound Warfare in the Mexican-American War.  Texians - as they were called at the time - had spent a decade fighting both Mexicans and Comanche.  During that time, they developed a mode of fighting that was particularly suited to those opponents.  This made the Rangers an ideal addition to the US Army.  Long exposure to Mexican armies taught them that surrender likely meant execution (e.g., Alamo, Goliad, Mier) and white flags were more likely to be a ruse than an honest request to surrender or parley.  Rangers had long operated far from support and thus came heavily armed, typically with a rifle, one or two revolvers, and a Bowie knife.  They proved to be outstanding scouts, excellent skirmishers, effective cavalry, and even competent infantry when needed.

On the other hand, they brought some grudges with them.  Their scouting missions might make detours to capture or kill Mexican bandits.  The Rangers had learned from the Comanche not to take prisoners.  When not actively in the field, they often caused trouble while in the various Mexican cities and towns.  They had rarely been given quarter and were thus inclined not to give it.  Both General Taylor and General Scott learned to keep the Rangers active to avoid the troubles that were stirred up among the Mexican civilians.  However, neither wanted to send the Rangers home; they were extremely effective at countering the guerrilla activity in both the northern theater and on the road from Vera Cruz to Mexico City.

The quality of Texian troops was often equal to the quality of their leader.  When John Hayes, Ben McColloch, or Samuel Walker was in charge, the Rangers caused few problems while resolving many.  When lesser men were in charge, the Rangers could wreak havoc on the locals and incite the local populace.  However, more often than not, it was volunteer troops who caused trouble and Texas Rangers who got the blame.

Lyles returns to the idea of Compound Warfare frequently.  Though Texas Rangers were newly-minted American citizens (and virtually all of them had migrated from the US anyway), they did not operate as either state volunteer units or regular army units.  This irregular force thus became a unique unit that brought skills and abilities unavailable in other forces.  Lyles mentioned the Northern Alliance in Afghanistan as compound warfare.

The paper is available online.  Recommended.

Radicalized by Higher Education

 

Is college radicalizing Americans?  This chart demonstrates that those most in favor of violence are the most educated.  That strikes me as backwards.  Shouldn't more education lead to support of less violence?

When Good Will Hunting was all the rage in the theaters, I recall being unimpressed.  Sure, Robin Williams was great, but this Will Hunting guy didn't make sense to me.  He is a genius and a prolific reader with an encyclopedic knowledge of many subjects who is nonetheless prone to violence.  He's both the smartest person in the room but dumb as a box of rocks.  Smart people avoid violence whenever possible, but not this guy.

The chart shows a clear correlation between the amount of education and the acceptability of violence to get one's way.  It is interesting how it goes down with 2 years of college but rises afterwards.  Odd.  Maybe Good Will Hunting understood something that I didn't.

Cole Allen, the would-be assassin, has a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering, a master's in computer science, and clearly falls into the 40% of graduates who believe violence is necessary.

You Were Never Really Here (2017)

Joe (Joaquin Phoenix) is a former soldier and FBI agent who has transitioned into private work.  He recovers missing girls, frequently leaving their kidnappers dead.  Joe has seen a lot of dark stuff in his life, from his abusive father, to murdered kids in the Middle East, to dead children piled in a van.  He suffers dark thoughts and regularly ponders suicide.  Perhaps the only reason he does not commit suicide is that he is caring for his elderly mother (Judith Robert).

Hired to recover a NY State Senator's daughter, Joe buys a hammer and duct tape.  He beats several men to death with the hammer before carrying Nina (Ekaterina Samsonov) to safety.  However, it is not the father who comes to collect her.  Joe has been betrayed and finds himself on the run.  Can he unravel what has happened before he gets captured or killed?

After seeing Phoenix as an emaciated Joker, it was strange to see him as a stout fighter.  He is quite good in the role, which is important since he is the movie.  The is the story of Joe at a particular time in a difficult life.  He's in virtually every scene.  Despite his generally polite demeanor, Joe is a brutal killing machine that moves as quietly as a cat.

The movie doesn't spell out points.  Early on, there are indications that Joe might actually be invisible.  He is extremely good at sneaking up on people so as to beat them over the head with his hammer.  In the novel, Joe is obviously expert at crime scenes (i.e., FBI Agent) and knows exactly how to leave no trace that he was ever there, thus the title.  That didn't come over well in the film.  The senator proves to be the villain, which is not a spoiler.  However, it doesn't make sense in the film.  He sold his daughter to pedophiles and then sent Joe to get her and then betrayed Joe?  Why?  Pedophiles kidnapped his daughter and he knows the address but doesn't send in the police?  The senator is a pedophile and his daughter escaped to another bunch of pedophiles?  Yeah, I don't see how it fits together and the movie doesn't explain.

Just okay.

Southern Poverty Law Center Exposed

In Star Wars: The Phantom Menace (1999), Senator Palpatine used the Federation's blockade of Naboo to create a crisis in the Galactic Senate.  The government of Chancellor Valorum collapsed and Palpatine became the new Chancellor.  In Attack of the Clones, Count Dooku led many planets to secede from the Galactic Republic, which led to Chancellor Palpatine creating the clone army to fight a galactic civil war, the Clone Wars.  Finally, in Revenge of the Sith, Supreme Chancellor Palpatine used his clone army to wipe out the Jedi, the only force left to oppose his rise to Emperor.  The Galactic Empire was born.

In each movie, Palpatine is the instigator of the crisis that he then must fight.  In Phantom, his disciple, Darth Maul, was advising the Federation, creating the very crisis that led to Palpatine's chancellorship.  In Attack, his next disciple, Dooku, stoked the civil war that required an army of clones - answerable to the Chancellor - to put down.  In the final film, he used the gaslit and brainwashed Anakin Skywalker to kill the Jedi-in-training while his clone army killed the rest that were in the field.  Darth Sidious was a brilliant manipulator who engineered his rise by creating crises to expand his influence and power.

That brings us to the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC).  The SPLC has spent years funding the very things they claim to fight, exactly like Palpatine.  The SPLC funded Charlottesville's Unite the Right rally that became a huge source of anti-Trump talking points.  They have funded hate groups and then called upon donors to help fight the rise of those very hate groups.  If the SPLC wasn't funding these hate groups, would there be enough hate to fund the SPLC?  Apparently not, or they wouldn't do it.

Worse, the FBI had to know about this long before now.  This is willful blindness on their part.  But why?  The FBI is a part of big government and, by its very nature, it is going to support that which leads to bigger government.  That is the problem with the Deep State.  The SPLC is pro-big government and therefore has been given a pass by Deep Staters.  The Deep State is the Empire and it will eagerly destroy those who oppose them, while also overlooking the crimes of their allies.

Yet Another Assassin

Cole Thomas Allen, a 31-year-old teacher from California, sprinted into the Correspondents' Dinner last night with guns and knives.  He shot one Secret Service agent before being subdued.  President Trump, the First Lady, VP, Secretary of State, Secretary of War, and many others were quickly evacuated.

Yet again, a crackpot has sought to kill Donald Trump.  Leftist pundits like Hassan Piker have floated the idea that it would be great if someone would assassinate Trump.  In response to the assassination attempt last night, a Wisconsin brewery announced that it would distribute free beer the day after Trump's murder.  Accusing Trump of being a fascist or a new iteration of Hitler is so common as to be unremarkable now.  And what is one of the most common bits of time travel stories: kill Hitler to prevent the Holocaust.  The assassin in such sci-fi is lauded.  Ergo, if Trump is Hitler and it would have been commendable to kill Hitler before he could carry out his policies, then it follows that killing Trump is not only logical, but worthy of praise.

If one person out of a hundred thousand is dumb enough to swallow the fallacy that Trump is the next coming of Hitler, that would create more than 3,000 potential assassins in the US.  People who disagreed with Charlie Kirk, who had no ability to implement any policies, called him a fascist.  A crackpot came out of the woodwork and killed him.  Leftists not only approved of his murder, they posted themselves celebrating online.

This is why Tim Pool thinks we may already be in a Civil War.  We're certainly in a time that echoes the 1850s.

What? (1972)

Nancy (Sydne Rome) is an American who is traveling the world.  On this particular night, she is in a car with a trio of Italians, one of whom asks if she was raped while traveling in Afghanistan.  Of course not, she always meets nice people.  So the Italians pull to the side of the road and attempt to rape the naive and clueless American.  Luckily, she slips away with only her diary and uses an elevator to a villa to escape.  Treating her as just another guest, an older man shows her to a room and a maid makes the bed.  Her shirt is badly torn and she wore neither bra nor panties, so she climbs naked into bed.  In the morning, her shirt is gone, so she wanders the villa holding her diary to her chest.

The villa is occupied by a bizarre collection of people.  There is Alex (Marcello Mastroianni) the former pimp who has the hots for Nancy.  There is Mosquito (Roman Polanski), who is feuding with Alex and wears Nancy's shirt - it has been mended.  There is the naked girl who goes daily to the beach with only a big-brimmed hat and high heels.  There are a pair of ping pong players, one of whom is a sex addict whose pelvis thrusts even when he sleeps.  There is the priest who warns Nancy to get out while she can.  The pianist who repeatedly explains his arthritis and then commences to play the piano.  All of these odd balls are somehow involved with Joseph Noblart (Hugh Griffith), the owner of the villa who is quite sick.

Despite having nearly been raped, Nancy doesn't contact the authorities.  Instead, she gets involved with the creepy Alex, who treats her poorly.  She is repeatedly warned against him, told he has syphilis, sees him antagonize others, but nonetheless falls victim - albeit willing - to his seduction.  In fact, she reacted with great interest when he said he had been a pimp.  When he had her handcuffed on the beach and thrashed her with a branch, she proclaimed her love for him.  What?

The movie is an excuse to get Sydne Rome naked.  She spends a lot of time topless and has several scenes of full nudity.  Her acting is wooden.  She is mostly a wide-eyed naif who is astonished by each trial she endures.  This is the kind of movie that gave European films a bad reputation in America.

Roman Polanski had high expectations for this film and agreed to direct Chinatown based on the opening box office of this film.  That proved to be $64.  Yeah, that sounds about right.

Skip.

That Lucky Touch (1975)

Michael Scott (Roger Moore) is an arms dealer.  Julia Richardson is a single mother and freelance reporter.  By chance, they are neighbors in an apartment building.  While Michael is trying to sell a revolutionary gun to NATO during the annual war games held in Belgium, Julia is digging for a story that can paint the military in a negative light.  Julia's ex-husband was a staff officer for General Henry Steedman (Lee J. Cobb), so she is a close friend of the general's wife, Diana Steedman (Shelley Winters).  As a well-known arms dealer, Michael has pitched his gun to General Steedman.  Inevitably, Michael and Julia find themselves thrust into one another's company.  As a pacifist do-gooder, Julia is horrified by Michael's line of work but she also finds him attractive.

Not exactly a rom-com, but it has its moments of high-comedy; Lee J. Cobb answering the red phone at headquarters is the peak.  I never thought of Cobb as a comedy actor.  Roger Moore plays against type by having terrible luck with women.  However, he does have that Bond talent for gambling.  Susannah York is mostly a source of trouble.  The general knows that she's going to paint him badly in a forthcoming article and, sure enough, she does.  Moreover, she engineered a lot of the trouble.  Considering that he had Sophie (Sydne Rome) as a steady bedmate, it was foolhardy for Michael to be making a pass at Julia.

Made between The Man with the Golden Gun (1974) and The Spy Who Loved Me (1977), the poster plays up Moore's Bond persona.  That is solely for marketing and deceived viewers on what to expect.

Just okay.

The Honey War

In 1839, Missouri tax collectors arrived in Van Buren and Davis counties of the Iowa Territory; Iowa would not be a state until 1846, though Missouri had achieved statehood in 1821.  In 1837, Missouri had commissioned a new survey of the northern border and moved it 9 miles into Iowa Territory.  Of course, this didn't go over well with the Iowans.  The tax collectors were chased out but not before they chopped down a few trees with behives; honey was a valuable commodity that could be sold to make up the tax bill.  Sheriff Uriah Gregory of Clark County, Missouri, went to support the tax collectors, but instead found himself arrested and jailed.

Governor Lilburn Boggs of Missouri dispatched General David Willock with 11 mounted state militia.

Governor Robert Lucas of Iowa Territory called out the militia and sent them to the border.  It was a less impressive bunch, armed with pitchforks, antique guns, and even a sausage stuffer.

General Willock wasn't about to get into a bloodletting over a boundary dispute.

The war fizzled without bloodshed and the issue of the border was argued in court.  It was eventually decided by the Supreme Court in 1849, settling on the Sullivan Line that was surveyed in 1816.

This was not the first 'war' between states over the borders.  Michigan and Ohio had the Toledo War several years before the Honey War.

The Fall of Swalwell

Last month, Eric Swalwell was a leading Democrat contender for Governor of California and a sitting member of the House of Representatives.  Today, he is no longer in the race for governor, has resigned the House, and is under investigation for sexual assault.  In the wake of this tremendous fall, many members of the media have reported that his crude behavior with women was known.  One mentioned on Twitter/X how suspicions went back to his days on the city council of Dublin, CA (2010-2013).  Like Cesar Chavez, Swalwell had plenty of skeletons in the closet.  Of course, such is quite common among Democrats.  Bill Clinton had a checkered past when he ran for president in 1992 and it carried over into his presidency.  However, the party didn't need to get rid of him, so it mostly stayed in the closet or was brushed away as his private life.

One of the purported ways that the Deep State runs the country is that it has blackmail on key people.  Such claims go back to J. Edgar Hoover, who served nearly 37 years as the director of the FBI.  Democrat or Republican, every president stuck with Hoover.  Why might that be?  True, the 10-year term wasn't passed until after his death, but it took his death to have a term limit for the director.

Back to Swalwell, the California jungle primary allows the two top performers - regardless of party - to proceed to the November election.  Because there are so many Democrat contenders, it looks like the two Republicans - Chad Bianco & Steve Hilton - might get the two top spots.  Thus, it is imperative that the Democrat field be culled to prevent such a disaster.  Swalwell was an easy target.  If the polls don't improve for the remaining Democrats, who might be the next to suffer an unforeseen fall from grace?

Confronting the Presidents

Bill O'Reilly and Martin Dugard proposed to examine the 45 men who have served as president and give a no spin assessment on each.  They failed utterly.  The book is 400 pages.  Do the math.  That is less than 10 pages per president and a lot of what is discussed is the daily routine of each.  What hours did they work?  What did they like for breakfast, lunch, and dinner?  What kind of exercise routine did they have, if any?  How'd they meet their wife?  These are so many thumbnail sketches that only scratch the surface of each man.  There is hardly any foundation to make an honest assessment.  The greatest failing is that the authors will condemn the actions of one president that they gloss over when done by another president.  Harding is pummeled for his adulterous affair while FDR and JFK are merely chastised.  The more recent the presidency, the more the authors' politics bleed into the assessment, more Dugard's than O'Reilly's.

The biography of each president is shallow, having to cover entirely too much in a short span.  Generally, the history is correct - maybe a wrong year listed here or the wrong name there - but the assessment follows the standard ratings that you would find among a typical poll of historians.

Though he clearly starts showing some personal opinions, I give O'Reilly credit for not going overboard.  That doesn't hold for his co-author.  The book was completed in 2024 and Dugard still held that Biden was up to a second term.  Seriously?  You call that no spin?  He even called 2020 the most contention election in US history while writing a book which included the 1860 election that led to Civil War!

This is a book for a novice.  It would have been better if the assessments had been left out and just let the reader judge.

Not recommended.

Naked in the Sun (1957)

Slave Hunter Wilson (Barton MacLane) attacked a Seminole village, collecting any blacks he could.  By default, all blacks were escaped slaves.  During this attack, he tried to take Chechotah (Lita Milan).  She managed to flee into the swamps.  By the time Wilson and his men returned to Fort King, all the slaves he had caught had been freed by Osceola (James Craig).  Wilson was furious and complained to the Indian Agent Gillis.  In a later attack, Wilson whipped Osceola and carried away Chechotah.  Now Osceola confronted Agent Gillis.  Gillis tossed Osceola in confinement until such time as the chiefs would convene and sign a treaty to leave Florida.  At the signing, only one chief signed; Osceola stabbed a knife into the document!  Osceola saw war as the only choice.

Though a low-budget B-movie, this does a surprisingly good job.  It is much better than Seminole, which had such stars at Rock Hudson, Anthony Quinn, and Lee Marvin.  The movie touches on many actual events and issues:

- Osceola had a black wife named Chechotah.  The movie casts Lita Milan, a woman of Polish & Hungarian ancestry, for the role.  Even though she is clearly not black, Wilson identifies her as an escaped slave.  Here is a casting decision based on the mores of 1950s America.

- Florida had been a haven for escaped slaves for decades.  The Seminoles integrated them into the tribe, often as equals and also as slaves of a different master.  The Seminoles that were willing to go to Oklahoma fully expected to take their black members (slave or otherwise) with them.  That view was not popular among slave owners.  This view is well-demonstrated by the character of Wilson.

- The Treaty of Payne's Landing was signed in 1832, prior to the start of the movie.  However, Osceola reportedly stabbed the document with his knife, which is shown.

- Osceola shot Charley Emathla for agreeing to move his tribe west of the Mississippi.  He also discarded the money the United States had paid to Emathla.

- Osceola and several others shot and killed Wiley Thompson, the Indian agent who imprisoned him, while he was walking outside Fort King.  For some reason, he is renamed as Arthur Gillis in the movie.

- Fort King was burned by the Seminoles.  The movie combines the burning of the fort with the killing of the Indian agent.  In fact, it was several month later and the fort had been abandoned.

- Major Francis Dade (Robert Wark) and all but 3 of his men were killed while traveling from Fort Brooke (Tampa Bay) to Fort King (Ocala).  The massacre happened on the same day - December 28, 1835 - that Osceola killed the Indian agent.  Dade was killed in the first volley and did not take part in the desperate battle that followed.

- Osceola was captured under flag of truce.  In the movie, the fictional General Finch (Peter Dearing) gave the order.  In fact, it was General Thomas Jessup who gave the order and General Joseph Hernandez who was on hand to carry it out.

- Osceola died in prison several months after his capture.  The movie implies he was still held in Florida, but he had been moved to Fort Moultrie in Charleston, South Carolina.

The story deviated from history on several points:

- The war started because the Seminoles were clearly being cheated.  They had several years left on another treaty that assured them residence in Florida.  Men who were not chiefs had been forced to sign a treaty in order to return from surveying the new lands in Oklahoma.  The movie leans into Osceola avenging the loss of his wife to slave hunters.

- It is repeatedly implied that Osceola translates to Rising Sun in English.  He is repeatedly referred to that way by other Seminoles.  In fact, it means Black Drink Singer, or something along those lines.

- Francis Dade did not grow up in Florida.  He was from Virginia, but found his way to Florida during the First Seminole War (1818) with General Andrew Jackson.  He remained in Florida thereafter with postings in Pensacola, Tampa Bay, and Key West.  Though he may have met Osceola at some point, it is unlikely they were good friends as the movie proposes.

- The movie ends with Chechotah's voice over about how Osceola had fought for the peace of his people and some such as if the war was at an end.  The Seminole War had another 4 years to go.

- The US Army uniforms are not right.  The enlisted soldiers' jacket and trousers should match, sky blue in color.  Instead, the soldiers are wearing dark blue jackets and light pants.

Though the film quality is grainy and the acting is unremarkable, this was a fun watch.  It is vastly superior to the star-studded Seminole.  Good popcorn fun!

Naked in the Sun

Invasion U.S.A. (1985)

Somewhere in the Atlantic off the coast of Florida, a boat bobbed helplessly in the water while the Spanish-speaking occupants bemoan their fate.  But wait!  A Coast Guard ship arrived and the commander welcomed them to the United States.  There was much cheering.  Then the crew of the Coast Guard ship opened fire, killing everyone aboard, men, women, and children.  Searching the ship, the killers discovered a huge stash of cocaine.  The commander, Mikhail Rostov (Richard Lynch), is pleased.  With this, he will fund a terrorist campaign throughout the United States.  Rostov used the drugs to purchase guns from Mickey (Billy Drago), whom he promptly murdered immediately.  Soon after, landing craft bring in hundreds of terrorists on a Florida beach at night.  Rostov dispatched them in small bands throughout the United States to wreak havoc.  Often disguised as the police or national guardsmen, these terrorists cause the citizens to distrust the very authorities trying to protect them.  Madness ensued.  Rostov had but one concern: Matt Hunter (Chuck Norris).  In fact, he had nightmares about Hunter and insisted on assembling a team specifically to kill Hunter.

Matt Hunter was a former counter-terrorism specialist who left the service on bad terms.  In fact, he had once had the opportunity to kill Rostov but had been called off.  Now he lived a peaceful life in the Florida everglades with his pet armadillo.  Even though Agent Adams (Marin Shakar) tried to recruit him against Rostov, Hunter declined.  Then Rostov and a team of assassins blew up his house!  Hunter was on the case.

Dahlia McGuire (Melissa Prophet) was a freelance reporter who had an uncanny ability to be present when the terrorists struck.  Though she has several encounters with Hunter, there is never any hint at romance.  She's just a reporter who might need saving.

There is no particular plot to the movie.  The terrorists strike and Hunter arrives to defeat them.  It's somewhat episodic.  Now we're in the suburbs, now we're in a mall, and now we're at a church.  The structure of the movie is more that Rostov is the main character and Hunter is his nemesis.  To Rostov, this is a horror film.  He is truly scared of Hunter, who keeps showing up like a horror movie monster and killing more and more of his unfortunate terrorists.  Hunter's tactics are consistent: he captures a terrorist, beats some information out of him, and foils an attack.  He does have one of his all-time great lines:

"If you come back in, I'll hit you with so many rights you'll be begging for a left."

There are few actors who could say that line and have the same impact.  Just that line made the movie worth the watch.  Like Diehard, it is set during Christmas and may thus be considered Chuck Norris's Christmas movie.

This is an action movie for action sake.  There are gunfights, explosions, car chases, and even a massive military battle at an office building for the climax.  Hunter and Rostov finally face off.  The final duel has them armed with bazookas!

Great popcorn fun and recommended.

Back to the Moon

Artemis II launched on April 1st.  No joke!  As of now, it is halfway to the moon.  It will flyby the moon and come back to earth.  This is a watered-down repeat of Apollo 8, which saw Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and William Anders circle the moon in Christmas 1968.  While the Artemis will just slingshot around the moon and come straight back, Apollo 8 went into orbit around the moon.  However, Artemis will go farther from earth than any craft has ever gone.

This mission is long overdue.  Had NASA pulled it off on the 50th anniversary of Apollo 8, all of the named astronauts were still around.  All have since died in their 90s.  Perhaps Jared Isaacman, the new NASA Administrator, will turn the moribund agency around.  He has been to space twice, both times with SpaceX.  Let's hope he brings some of that energy and innovation into NASA.

Red Sun (1971)

In 1870, Link Stuart (Charles Bronson) and Gauche (Alain Delon) executed a train robbery.  As it happened, the train was also transporting the Japanese ambassador and his retainers.  Gauche robbed the Japanese as well, including a katana that was to be a gift for President US Grant.  At this point, Gauche betrayed Link, leaving him for dead at the train.  The ambassador dispatched a samurai, Kuroda Jubei (Toshiro Mifune), to recover the sword in 7 days.  Link was forced to be his guide.  Of course, Link was quite eager to find Gauche and the fortune in gold they had stolen.  Along the way, East and West butt heads frequently, but also back one another up in their shared quest.

There are many challenges along the way.  There are bands of Gauche's gang members terrorizing the random farmer, Comanche raiding throughout the region, and Link's constant efforts to either ditch Kuroda or convince the samurai not to immediately kill Gauche when they find him.  Yes, those last two represent a lot of the interaction between Link and Kuroda.

Filmed in Spain with a cast that feels like a typical Spaghetti Western, it is a notch above that usual fare.  Alain Delon is excellent as the villain.  He isn't the usual rough and tumble gunman or the mustachioed colonel with a legion of goons.  He's a New Orleans dandy, a rarity among Westerns and unheard of in Spaghetti Westerns.  At one point, he killed several of his men, which is so typical as to be a bad cliche.  However, when a later incident looked like it would lead to killing another of his men, he desisted.  Why the change?  The ones he killed knew where the treasure was buried.  Ah, he's a canny one who doesn't kill his own men to prove to the audience that he is truly villainous.

Christina (Ursula Andress) is a prostitute and also Gauche's favorite girl.  Link made use of that knowledge, getting to her before Gauche did.  She is not some wilting flower.  She is a fighter and that doesn't always benefit her.  She is eager to leave the life she has but she does not want to betray Gauche.  Will her loyalty pay off?

Toshiro Mifune's samurai is easy to understand.  He must recover the sword and avenge the retainer that Gauche murdered.  His task is just and his opponent is an unrepentant criminal and killer.  He is a classic hero though also a fish out of water story, as he is in world that operates unlike Japan.  By contrast, Charles Bronson's outlaw is hard to explain.  He is introduced as just another criminal, but has the misfortune of getting caught by the Japanese.  One would think that he could have ditched the samurai.  The growing mutual respect between the two was great, but diverged from Link's introductory narrative.  He's a changed man by the end of the movie though it is unclear why.

The setting is a bit off.  There was no railroad route through Santa Fe in 1870.  If the ambassador was traveling by rail, he would have gone from San Francisco to Salt Lake City to Omaha to Chicago to Washington.  However, that path would have had very few Spanish-speakers and no Comanches.  Many of the guns are incorrect but I only realized that after reading the trivia on IMDb.

Good popcorn fun.  Recommended.

Post-Christian United Kingdom

King Charles, Defender of the Faith, will not be giving an Easter message this year.  However, King Charles issued a Ramadan greeting this year.  Though Muslims remain a minority and Christians a majority, the government of the UK certainly appears to cater toward the former rather than the latter.  The capitol city has had a Muslim mayor - Sadiq Khan - for ten years.  John Cleese of Monty Python fame long ago stated that London was no longer an English city.  At this point, demographics will overwhelm the UK.  Migrants have far more kids than natives, paid for at taxpayer expense.  The decline is clear as day and the government encourages it despite the voters.